The Strategy Analysis of Empowerment for Women Farmers Group Kedurus in Surabaya City

In this research we will look at socio-economic conditions and ultimately analyze what strategies are appropriate and effective for women farming groups in Kedurus, Surabaya city. The aim of the research is to first explain the socio-economic conditions that exist among members of the women farmer group in Kedurus. Second, analyze and describe how empowerment strategies are appropriate to the needs, characteristics and abilities of women farmer group members in Kedurus. This research began in July and ended in August 2023. The objects of this research were 28 female farmer members in the Kedurus. This research uses a census method where all members are the object of research. This research uses SWOT analysis to describe how empowerment strategies suit the needs, characteristics and abilities of women farmer group members in Kedurus.


INTRODUCTION
Gender issues are the 5th goal of sustainable development (SDG's).This gender issue includes women's role in politics and economics.(Central Statistics Agency, 2013).In the economic sector, women also have a role in agriculture.In Indonesia, 23.14 million main farmers are male and 3.00 million main farmers are female.In the agricultural subsector of food crop cultivation, 78.91% is carried out by male farmers and 21.09% is carried out by female farmers (East Java Central Statistics Agency, 2018).This reflects that in Indonesia the role and participation of women in the agricultural food crop subsector is still low.The agricultural sector in Indonesia still has many gender gaps and injustices.(Farida, 2016).This happens because of the minimal participation of women in the agricultural development process.Apart from that, the empowerment programs implemented are not able to provide justice to women.(Altenbuchner et.al. 2017) Women are potential families who have enthusiasm.However, there are still many women who are less empowered due to several factors, including low economic level, low level of knowledge and skills and lack of access to increase their knowledge and skills.These factors encourage women to take over the family's economic responsibilities by working outside the home.(Mangowal 2017) The role of women in participating in overcoming family economic difficulties has been pursued through statutory regulations which essentially aim to elevate women to be equal to men in certain matters (KP3A, 2018).One of the regulations governing women's empowerment is Law no. 25 of 2005 which includes: (1) programs to improve women's quality of life, (2) programs to develop and harmonize women's empowerment policies, and (3) programs to increase the role of society and institutional empowerment for gender management.
According to Mosher, one of the conditions for expediting agricultural development is the cooperation of farmer groups, so there is a need to organize farmer forums in the form of farmer groups.With farmer groups, it is hoped that farmers can meet each other and discuss together to plan activities (Hanjani et.al, 2015) Kedurus Women Farmers Group at Kedurus Village, Karangpilang District, Surabaya City is one of the strategic activities in order to participate in development in the agricultural sector and contribute to creating conditions for an empowered community in an effort to empower the community's creative economy.Apart from having economic benefits, empowerment through the Kedurus Women Farmers Group also has social and environmental benefits and is one solution because they use empty land to make it useful.
However, the lack of knowledge regarding agricultural cultivation and processing of agricultural products is an obstacle for the group in carrying out its activities.So there is a need for assistance by community workers who are competent in their fields (Akter et al, 2018).By holding empowerment through Kedurus Women Farmers Group, it is hoped that it can help women or housewives in Kedurus Village, Karangpilang District who were previously only ordinary housewives, with access to taking part in activities in this group can help increase low family income and become a more prosperous family where primary, secondary and tertiary needs are met.
Thus, researchers will conduct research on the Kedurus Women Farmers Group, Kedurus Village, Karangpilang District, because the targets for implementing this empowerment are women or housewives who are of productive age and whose economic conditions are relatively low.
The aim of the research is, among other things, to first explain the socio-economic conditions that exist among members of the Women Farmers Group in the Kedurus.Secondly it will analyze and describe how empowerment strategies are appropriate to the needs, characteristics and abilities of members of the Women Farmers Group in the Kedurus Table 1 shows the ages of the women farmers interviewed.Primary Data, 2023.
In Table 2 it can be explained that members of the Kedurus Women Farmers Group who have a junior high school education amount to 28.57%, members of the Kedurus Women Farmers Group with a final high school education level contribute 42 .85%,members of the Kedurus Women Farmers Group with a final education level of Bachelor's degree have a percentage of 21.42% and Members of Kedurus Women Farmers Group with a final education of a master's degree is 7.14%.The educational level of members of the Kedurus Women Farmers Group was surveyed with the highest level of education being high school with a percentage of 42.85%.

Number of Family Members of the Kedurus Women Farmers Group
This index shows the number of family members in the Kedurus Women Farmers Group.
Table 3 will show the number of family members of the Kedurus Women Farmers Group.Primary Data, 2023.
Table 3 shows the number of family members of Kedurus Women Farmers Group members with 1 person being 25%, the number of family members of Kedurus Women Farmers Group being 2 people being 46.42%, the number of family members of Kedurus Women Farmers Group 3 and 4 people are 14.28%, the number of people in one family of 4 is 6.67%.The largest number of family members is 2 people, namely 46.42%.Table 4 shows that the monthly income of Kedurus Women Farmers Group members with an amount of 1,000,000-2,000,000 has a percentage of 35.71%, then the income of Kedurus Women Farmers Group members income is IDR .2,100,000-4,000,000 is 35.71% and the income of Kedurus Women Farmers Group members with an amount of >Rp.4,000,000 is 28.57%.From this data, it can be seen that the highest income for members of the Kedurus Women Farmers Group is the income of Members of the Kedurus Women Farmers Group per month with the amount of 1,000,000-2,000,000 and the income of Members of the Kedurus Women Farmers Group with the amount of Rp. 2,100,000-4,000,000 has a percentage of 35.71%.

Land Tenure
This land tenure indicator will explain the types of land tenure consisting of private property and rent owned by female farmers.However, in the Kedurus Women Farmers Group, Kedurus Village, Karangpilang District, Surabaya City, the land used is a public facility that is used for hydroponic cultivation.So land control is not owned by individuals but belongs to the Surabaya City Government.Table 5 shows the amount of Hydroponic Pakcoy production per growing season with a total of 25-30 kg.The amount of hydroponic pak choy production fluctuates due to unpredictable weather changes in each growing season.It is hoped that with the addition of a green house, hydroponic pak choy production will also increase.

Research Discussion
According Achieving the goal of increasing the standard of living independently and independently is a determining factor in the success of community development as a development process that is beneficial to society, especially society at the grassroots level.By implementing community development, many problems that are still hidden by residents can be revealed so that appropriate solutions can be found.People no longer need to think that the various problems they face are a shame that other people should know about.
Community development has the function of encouraging and protecting the growth and development of local economic strength, mastery of science and technology based on the strength of the people.Income is one of a person's socio-economic indicators which is greatly influenced by a person's resources and abilities.Income from agriculture is often associated with the spread of innovative elements in agriculture.Farmers with higher incomes will adopt innovations more quickly (Hermanto, 2011).In the socio-economic indicators of land tenure, this land tenure indicator will explain the type of land tenure consisting of private property and rent owned by female farmers.However, in the Kedurus Women Farmers Group, Surabaya City, the land used is a public facility that is used for hydroponic cultivation.So land control is not owned by individuals but belongs to the Surabaya City Government.
An indicator of the production of hydroponic pak choy plants, initially local residents did not have the ability to cultivate hydroponics.Finally, the Kedurus Women Farmers Group was formed in Kedurus Village.At the Kedurus Women Farmers Group, members are taught how to cultivate pak choy from planting to harvest.Until the members were able to cultivate hydroponic pak choy, they finally had increased abilities and were finally able to plant and harvest up to 5 planting periods in 2023.From this explanation, it can be interpreted that the external environmental conditions are greater than the external environmental conditions, so that the empowerment program that will be carried out can run well because of the support from a strong external environment.

SWOT Analysis of Empowerment Strategy
In the case of Kedurus Women Farmers Group, an empowerment strategy is needed that is appropriate to the conditions of Kedurus Women Farmers Group.In formulating a strategy for empowering women, a strategy with gender mainstreaming that is in line with the characteristics of women farmers is needed (Agriculture Ministry, 2009).An appropriate empowerment strategy is to use the Gender and Development (GAD) approach.
According to Farida (2016), GAD starts from a holistic perspective, namely looking at social, economic, political and cultural organizations to understand the subordinate position of in society.GAD does not only pay attention to women, but pays attention to women in the social construction of gender which assigns certain roles to women and men.So training and mentoring are needed that can increase the knowledge of women farmers.Apart from that, family development and business development can be used as empowerment activities that can improve the knowledge and economy of women farming families.(Handani, et al, 2015) The formulation of strategies for empowering women farmers at Kedurus Women Farmers Group was carried out using SWOT analysis which was based on strategic environmental factors.
The results of the SWOT matrix are presented in Table 7.
Based on the results of the SWOT analysis, alternative strategies for empowering women farmers at Kedurus Women Farmers Group have been formulated as follows: 1. Form a women's farmer group 2. Utilize yard land for cultivating vegetable plants 3. Skills training in hydroponic cultivation of other vegetable plants 4. Assistance to women farmers until they become independent 5. Provide access to facilitate capital 6.Cultivate other than pak choy and water spinach 7. Agricultural school for women farmers An explanation of the empowerment strategy from the SWOT analysis can be explained as follows:

Form a women's farmer group
The first strategy is to form a group of women farmers which can be initiated by the Department of Agriculture.This women farmer group is the first step that can be used as a forum for women farmers to gather and organize, so that it will be easy to coordinate subsequent activities.Apart from that, this group of women farmers can be used as a connecting bridge between stage holders and women farmers

Utilize yard land for cultivating vegetable plants
Per Season on land managed by Members of the Kedurus Women Farmers Group This rice production indicator can determine the production capacity of hydroponic Pakchoy on land managed by Kedurus Women Farmers Group members during the January-August 2023 planting period.Table 5 will show the production of hydroponic Pakcoy on land managed to Arcani et.al, (2018), empowerment or community development has different strategic functions in improving the quality of human resources.The community development approach in development is important because the community is placed in the position of manager (subject) as well as beneficiary of development results.Community development is a new social development model that prioritizes weak and powerless groups.

Table 1 . Age of Kedurus Women Farmers Group's members No. Age (years old) Total (People) Persentage (%)
Table 1 shows that the age of Kedurus Women Farmers Group members in the 53-55 year age group is 53.57%, in the 56-58 year age group it is 35.71% and in the 59-61 year age group it is 10 .71%.The largest number of members of the Kedurus Women Farmers Group are aged between

Table 2 .
Latest education of Kedurus Women Farmers Group's members

Table 3 .
Number of Family Members of the Kedurus Women Farmers Group

Table 4 .
Income of Members of the Kedurus Women Farmers Group Economic Education indicators, Kedurus Women Farmers Group members have the highest score of 42.85% at the high school level.This shows that those of productive age and the most recent education with a high level of education are able to accept new innovations because they have an open mind and are easy to accept innovation adaptations.
The socio-economic indicators in this discussion are age, highest level of education, number of members, income, land control and total production.Based on research results, the age of members of the Kedurus Women Farmers Group is still in the productive age group with a in empowerment activities carried out in the Kedurus Women Farmers GroupIn the Socio-

Table 6 .
Analysis of Internal Factors and External Factors